Igneous Rocks

Rhyolite- fine grained, contains quartz, felsic, fast, extrusive, fine grained
Scorria- mafic, fast, extrusive, fine grained, has bubbles
Granite- coarse grained, contains quartz, felsic slow, intrusive, coarse grained
Andesite- mafic, fast, extrusive, fine grained, sometimes contains quartz, mostly light material
Diorite- coarse grained, contains quartz sometimes, felsic, slow, intrusive,
Basalt- mafic, fast, extrusive, fine, mostly dark material
Pumice- fine grained, has bubbles, floats in water, felsic, extrusive, fast
Gabbro- porphyritic, intrusive/extrusive, fast and slow, mafic, fine and coarse grained, mostly dark material,
Obsidian- glassy, mostly dark material, extrusive, fast cooling rate, felsic

Sedimentary Rocks

Conglomerate- clastic, contains fragments, round fragments, poorly sorted
Coal- black color, contains plant material, organic
Limestone- chemical, reacts with acid, geode
Brecchia- clastic, poorly sorted, contains fragments, angular fragments
Shale- contains fragments, stratification, fossils, well sorted, clastic
Chert- clastic, well sorted, fossils, scratches limestone
Sandstone- clastic, well sorted, stratification, contains fragments
Coquina- organic, reacts with acid, contains fragments, angular fragments, bubbles when acid is applied
Siltstone- clastic, well sorted, reacts with acid, stratification, contains fragments, bubbles with acid

Metamorphic Rocks

Quartzite- nonfoliated, metamorphosed quartz, heat, scratches a knife blade
Marble- nonfoliated, metamorphic limestone/calcite, heat, sparkles, bubbles when acid is applied
Schist- foliated, metamorphosed chlorite, pressure, medium-sized grains, breaks into layers
Gneiss- foliated, metamorphosed muscovite, pressure and heat, large mineral grains, banded
Slate- foliated, metamorphosed shale, pressure, fine grains, breaks into layers, more dense than shale